Quiz Army: A and P

A and P

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

A. Providing a surface for gas exchange
B. Moving air into and out of the lungs
C. Transporting oxygen to the tissues
D. Producing sounds

Answer: C. Transporting oxygen to the tissues

Which of the following particles could diffuse easily through a cell membrane?

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Which of the following particles could diffuse easily through a cell membrane?

Answer: Oxygen (O2)
- (Small nonpolar molecules such as oxygen can diffuse across cell membranes.)

True or false? The water-soluble portion of a phospholipid is the polar head, which generally consists of a glycerol molecule linked to a phosphate group.

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True or false? The water-soluble portion of a phospholipid is the polar head, which generally consists of a glycerol molecule linked to a phosphate group.

Answer: True
- (The hydrophilic, or water-loving, portion of a phospholipid is the polar head, whereas the hydrophobic portion is the nonpolar tail.)

If a red blood cell is placed in a salt solution and bursts, what is the tonicity of the solution relative to the interior of the cell?

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If a red blood cell is placed in a salt solution and bursts, what is the tonicity of the solution relative to the interior of the cell?

Answer: Hypotonic
- (The salt concentration in the solution is lower than it is in the cell, so water enters the cell, causing it to burst.)

True or false? Osmosis is a type of diffusion.

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True or false? Osmosis is a type of diffusion.

Answer: True
- (Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.)

What property of dishwashing liquid (detergent) makes it useful to wash grease from pans?

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What property of dishwashing liquid (detergent) makes it useful to wash grease from pans?

Answer: Amphipathic nature
- (Detergents form micelles around the grease, which are then washed away because the polar head groups facing outward on the micelle are water-soluble.)

Water passes quickly through cell membranes because

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Water passes quickly through cell membranes because

Answer: it moves through aquaporins in the membrane.

Which of the following factors does not affect membrane permeability?

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Which of the following factors does not affect membrane permeability?

The polarity of membrane phospholipids
- (Phospholipids contain both a polar head and a nonpolar hydrocarbon tail, both of which are necessary for their ability to form membrane bilayers.)

How can a lipid be distinguished from a sugar?

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How can a lipid be distinguished from a sugar?

Answer: Lipids are mostly nonpolar.
- (Lipids are nonpolar molecules, whereas sugars are polar.)

Of the following functions, which is most important for the glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes?

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Of the following functions, which is most important for the glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes?

Answer: a cell's ability to distinguish one type of neighboring cell from another

Which of the following is true of the evolution of cell membranes?

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Which of the following is true of the evolution of cell membranes?

Answer: As populations of organisms evolve, different properties of their cell membranes are selected for or against.

What name is given to the process shown in this animation?

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What name is given to the process shown in this animation?

Answer: diffusion
- (Diffusion is the movement of particles down their concentration gradient.)

Structure A in this animation is a(n) _____.

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Structure A in this animation is a(n) _____.

Answer: transport protein
- (The protein is allowing solute molecules to enter the cell.)

Which of these cannot rapidly pass directly through the phospholipids of the plasma membrane?

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Which of these cannot rapidly pass directly through the phospholipids of the plasma membrane?

Answer:

- (Water, Glucose, and Hydrogen)
- (Ions, such as hydrogen ions, and hydrophilic molecules, such as water and glucose, cannot rapidly pass directly through the phospholipids of a plasma membrane. To move rapidly through the membrane, they must pass through membrane transport proteins.)